’Tis the season … for Christmas ghost stories! In recent years, I’ve been all about bringing back the classic tradition of livening up the winter months by sharing tales of terror. After all, encounters with the spirit world are the perfect way to get into the Christmas spirit! You can see some of the seasonally spooky tales I’ve previously recommended here and here. But if those aren’t enough for you, here’s a third round of Christmas ghost stories:
Students aren’t the only ones who have to go back to school in the fall. This back-to-school season, I want to celebrate that most underappreciated of professions: teachers. In Gothic literature, we most often see a type of teacher who was present in many upper-class Victorian homes: the governess.
A governess is a live-in private tutor who was given charge of the education of girls of any age, as well as younger boys, in wealthy European households during the nineteenth century. I’ve already briefly touched on how the boundary-defying qualities of the governess make her particularly suited to Gothic stories in my post on liminality. To expand on that idea, a governess was generally a young woman from an upper-class family that had fallen on hard times. She needed to be genteel, in order to properly teach her charges the skills and manners expected of proper young ladies. But her poverty and the fact that she had to work for a living in the employment of others contradicted the norms of her social class and the idealized form of femininity she was meant to impart to her female students. Neither equal to the household servants nor to the members of the family, the governess occupied a unique role in the home that moved between and existed outside of social class structures. In addition to this social ambiguity, the governess was often a vulnerable figure. She was a young woman alone, an outsider entering into an unfamiliar home and relying on powerful strangers for her food, shelter, and living. Governesses in Gothic novels also tend to be orphans or estranged from their family, with nowhere else to go if their position begins to feel unsafe or uncomfortable. Though a governess may be older and have more life experience than the prototypical Gothic protagonist of the naïf, she is similarly vulnerable and her liminal status makes her all the more prone to ending up in unusual circumstances. Below are just a few examples of works featuring teachers and governesses in Gothic literature: Continue reading Teachers and Governesses in Gothic Literature
